1443. The Covenant Pleaded

A Sermon Delivered By C. H. Spurgeon, At The Metropolitan Tabernacle, Newington. *10/26/2012

Have respect for the covenant. [Ps 74:20]

1. He will succeed in prayer who understands the science of pleading with God. “Put me in remembrance: let us plead together,” is a divine command. “Come now, let us reason together” is a sacred invitation. “ ‘Bring out your strong reasons,’ says the Lord,” is a condescending direction concerning the way of becoming victorious in supplication. Pleading is wrestling: arguments are the grips, the stratagems, the throes, the struggles with which we hold and vanquish the covenant angel. The humble statement of our needs is not without its value, but to be able to give reasons and arguments why God should hear us is to offer potent, prevalent prayer. Among all the arguments that can be used in pleading with God, perhaps there is none stronger than this — “Have respect for the covenant.” Like Goliath’s sword, we may say of it, “There is nothing like it.” If we have God’s word for a thing we may well pray, “Do as you have said,” for as a good man only needs to be reminded of his own word in order to be brought to keep it, it is even so with our faithful God; he only needs us to remind him to do these things for us. If he has given us more than his word, namely, his covenant, his solemn compact, we may then with the greatest composure of spirit cry to him, “Have respect for the covenant,” and then we may both hope and quietly wait for his salvation.

2. I need not tell you, for you are, I trust, well-grounded in that matter, that the covenant here spoken of is the covenant of grace. There is a covenant which we could not plead in prayer, the covenant of works, a covenant which destroys us, for we have broken it. Our first father Adam sinned, and the covenant was broken; we have continued in his perverseness, and that covenant condemns us. By the covenant of works none of us can be justified, for we still continue to break our portion of it, and to bring upon ourselves wrath to the uttermost. The Lord has made a new covenant with the second Adam, our federal head, Jesus Christ our Lord, — a covenant without conditions, except such conditions as Christ has already fulfilled, a covenant, ordered in all things and certain, which now consists of promises only, which read like this — “I will be a God for them, and they shall be a people for me”: “I will also give them a new heart, and I will put within them a right spirit”: “I will cleanse them from all their transgressions”: — a covenant, I say, which once had conditions in it, all of which our Lord Jesus fulfilled when he finished transgression, made an end of sin, and brought in everlasting righteousness; and now the covenant is all of promise, and consists of infallible and eternal shalls and wills, which shall remain the same for ever.

3. We shall talk about the text like this, What is meant by the plea before us — “Have respect for the covenant?” Then we will think for a little from where it derives its force: thirdly, we will consider how and when we may plead it: and we will close by noticing what the practical inferences from it are.

4. I. Let us begin by this — WHAT IS MEANT BY THE PLEA “Have respect for the covenant?”

5. It means this, does it not? “Fulfil your covenant, oh God: do not let it be a dead letter. You have said this and that; now do as you have said. You have been pleased by solemn sanction of oath and blood to make this covenant with your people. Now be pleased to keep it. Have you said, and will you not do it? We are persuaded concerning your faithfulness, let our eyes behold your covenant engagements fulfilled.”

6. It means again, “Fulfil all the promises of your covenant,” for indeed all the promises are now in the covenant. They are all yea and amen in Christ Jesus, to the glory of God by us; and I may say without being unscriptural that the covenant contains within its sacred charter every gracious word that has come from the Most High, either by the mouth of prophets or apostles, or by the lips of Jesus Christ himself. The meaning in this case would be — “Lord keep your promises concerning, your people. We are in need: now, oh Lord, fulfil your promise so that we shall not lack any good thing. Here is another of your promises: ‘When you pass through the waters, I will be with you.’ We are in rivers of trouble. Be with us now. Redeem your promises for your servants. Do not let them stand in the book as letters that mock us, but prove that you meant what you wrote and say, and let us see that you have power and will to make every jot and tittle good of all you have spoken. For have you not said, ‘Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my word shall not pass away?’ Oh then have respect for the promises of your covenant.”

7. In the connection of our text there is no doubt that the supplicant meant, “Oh Lord, prevent anything from negating your promises.” The church was then in a very terrible state. The temple was burnt, and the assembly broken up, the worship of God had ceased, and idolatrous emblems stood even in the holy place where once the glory of God shone out. The plea is, “Do not permit the power of the enemy to be so great as to frustrate your purposes, or to make your promises void.” So may we pray — “Oh Lord, do not permit me to endure such temptation that I shall fall. Do not permit such affliction to come upon me that I shall be destroyed; for have you not promised that no temptation shall happen to us except such as we are able to bear, and that with the temptation there shall be a way of escape? Now have respect for your covenant, and so order your providence that nothing shall happen to us contrary to that divine agreement.”

8. And it means also, “So order everything around us so that the covenant may be fulfilled. Is your church low? Raise up again in her midst men who preach the gospel with power, who shall be the means of her uplifting. Creator of men, Master of human hearts, you who can circumcise human lips to speak your word with power, do this, and let your covenant with your church — that you will never leave her, be fulfilled. The kings of the earth are in your hand. All events are controlled by you. You order all things, from the minute to the immense. Nothing, however small, is too small for your purpose: nothing, however great, is too great for your rule. Manage everything so that in the end each promise of your covenant shall be fulfilled for all your chosen people.”

9. That, I think, is the meaning of the plea, “Have respect for the covenant.” Keep it and see it kept. Fulfil the promise, and prevent your foes from doing evil to your children. It is assuredly a precious plea.

10. II. And now let us see FROM WHERE IT DERIVES ITS FORCE. “Have respect for the covenant.”

11. It derives its force, first, from the veracity of God. If it is a covenant of man’s making we expect a man to keep it; and a man who does not keep his covenant is not esteemed among his fellow men. If a man has given his word, that word is his bond. If a thing is solemnly signed and sealed it becomes even more binding, and he who would renege on a covenant would be thought to have forfeited his character among men. God forbid that we should ever think the Most High could be false to his word. It is not possible. He can do all things except this — he cannot lie; it is not possible that he should ever be untrue. He cannot even change: the gifts and calling of God are without repentance. He will not alter the thing that has gone out of his lips. Then when we come before God in prayer for a covenant mercy we have his truthfulness to support us. “Oh God, you must do this. You are a sovereign: you can do as you wish, but you have bound yourself by bonds that hold your majesty; you have said it, and it is not possible that you should go back from your own word.” How strong our faith ought to be when we have God’s truth to lean upon. What dishonour we do to our God by our weak faith; for it is virtually a suspicion of the fidelity of our covenant God.

12. Next, to support us in using this plea we have God’s sacred jealousy for his honour. He has told us himself that he is a jealous God; his name is jealousy; he has great respect for his honour among the sons of men. Hence this was Moses’s plea — “What will the enemy say? And what will you do for your great name?” Now, if God’s covenant could be trifled with, and if it could be proved that he had not kept the promise that he made to his creatures, it would not only be a dreadful thing for us, but it would bring grievous dishonour upon his name; and that shall never be. God is too pure and holy, and he is also too honourable ever to renege on his word that he has given to his servants. If I feel that my feet have almost gone I may still be assured that he will not permit me to perish completely, otherwise his honour would be stained, for he has said, “They shall never perish, neither shall anyone pluck them out of my hand.” He might give me up to my enemies so far as my deserts are concerned, for I deserve to be destroyed by them — but then his honour is engaged to save the lowliest of his people, and he has said, “I give to them eternal life.” He will not, therefore, for his honour’s sake, permit me to be the prey of the adversary; but will preserve me, even me, until the day of his appearing. Here is a good foothold for faith.

13. The next reflection that should greatly strengthen us is the venerable character of the covenant. This covenant was no transaction of yesterday: before the earth ever was this covenant was made. We may not speak of first or last with God, but speaking after the manner of men the covenant of grace is God’s first thought. Though we usually put the covenant of works first in order of time as revealed, yet in very deed the covenant of grace is the older of the two. God’s people were not chosen yesterday, but before the foundations of the world; and the Lamb slain to ratify that covenant, though slain almost two millennia ago, was in the divine purpose slain from before the foundations of the world. It is an ancient covenant: there is nothing so ancient. It is for God a covenant which he holds in high esteem. It is not one of his light thoughts, not one of those thoughts which lead him to create the morning dew that melts before the day has run its course, or to make the clouds that light up the setting sun with glory but which soon have lost their radiance; but it is one of his great thoughts, yes, it is his eternal thought, the thought from his own innermost soul — this covenant of grace. And because it is so ancient, and to God a matter so important, when we come to him with this plea in our mouths we must not think of being staggered by unbelief, but may open our mouths wide, for he will assuredly fill them. Here is your covenant, oh God, which of your own spontaneous sovereign will you ordained of old, a covenant in which your very heart is laid bare, and your love which is yourself is revealed. Oh God, have respect for it, and do as you have said, and fulfil your promise to your people.

14. Nor is this all. It is only the beginning. In one sermon I should not have time to show you all the reasons that give force to the plea; but here is one. The covenant has upon it a solemn endorsement. There was the stamp of God’s own word — that is enough. The very word that created the universe is the word that spoke the covenant. But, as if that were not sufficient, since we are so unbelieving, God has added to it his oath, and because he could swear by no one greater, he has sworn by himself. It would be blasphemy to dream that the Eternal could be perjured, and he has set his oath to his covenant, in order that, by two immutable things in which it is impossible for God to lie, he might give to the heirs of grace strong consolation.

15. But more, that venerable covenant confirmed by oath like this was sealed with blood. Jesus died to ratify it. His heart’s blood bedewed that Magna Charta of the grace of God to his people. It is a covenant now which God the just must keep. Jesus has fulfilled our side of it — has executed to the letter all the demands of God upon man. Our Surety and our Substitute has at once kept the law and suffered all that was due by his people on account of their breach of it; and now shall not the Lord be true and the everlasting Father be faithful to his own Son? How can he refuse to his Son the joy which he set before him and the reward which he promised him? “He shall see his seed: he shall see the travail of his soul and shall be satisfied.” My soul, the faithfulness of God to his covenant is not so much a matter between you and God as between Christ and God, for now it so stands — Christ as their representative submits his claim before the throne of infinite justice for the salvation of every soul for whom he shed his blood, and he must have what he has purchased. Oh what confidence is here! The rights of the Son, blended with the love and the veracity of the Father, makes the covenant to be ordered in all things and sure.

16. Moreover, remember, and I will not detain you much longer with this, that up until now nothing in the covenant has ever failed. The Lord has been tried by ten thousand times ten thousand of his people, and they have been in trying emergencies and serious difficulties; but it has never been reported in the gates of Zion that the promise has failed, neither have any said that the covenant is null and void. Ask those before you who passed through deeper waters than yourselves. Ask the martyrs who gave up their lives for their Master, “Was he with them to the end?” The placid smiles upon their countenances while enduring the most painful death were evident testimonies that God is true. Their joyous songs, the clapping of their hands amidst the fire, and their exaltation even on the rack, or when rotting in some loathsome dungeon — all these have proven how faithful the Lord has been.

17. And have you not heard with your own ears the testimony of God’s dying people? They were in conditions in which they could not have been sustained by mere imagination, nor buoyed up by frenzy, and yet they have been as joyful as if their dying day had been their wedding day. Death is too solemn a matter for a man to play a masquerade there. But what did your wife say in death? or your mother now with God? or what your child, who had learned the Saviour’s love? Can you not recall their testimonies even now? I think I hear some of them, and among the things of earth that are like the joys of heaven, I think this is one of the foremost, — the joy of departed saints when they already hear the voices of angels hovering near, and turn around and tell us in broken language of the joys that are bursting in upon them — their sight blinded by the excess of brightness, and their hearts ravished with the bliss that floods them. Oh it has been sweet to see the saints depart!

18. I mention these things now, not merely to refresh your memories, but to establish your faith in God. He has been true so many times and never false, and shall we now experience any difficulty in resting on his covenant? No, by all these many years in which the faithfulness of God has been put to the test, and has never failed, let us be confident that he will still regard us, and let us pray boldly, — “Have respect for the covenant.” For, notice that as it has been in the beginning, it is now, and ever shall be, world without end. It shall be for the last saint as it was with the first. The testimony of the last soldier of the host shall be, “Not one good thing has failed of all that the Lord God has promised.”

19. Only one more reflection here. Our God has taught many of us to trust in his name. We were long in learning the lesson, and nothing except Omnipotence could have made us willing to walk by faith, and not by sight; but with much patience the Lord has brought us at last to have no reliance except on himself, and now we are depending on his faithfulness and his truth. Is that your case, brother? What then? Do you think that God has given you this faith to mock you? Do you believe that he has taught you to trust in his name, and has brought you so far to put you to shame? Has his Holy Spirit given you confidence in a lie? and has he created in you faith in a fiction? God forbid! Our God is no demon who would delight in the misery which a baseless confidence would be sure to bring to us. If you have faith, he gave it to you, and he who gave it to you knows his own gift, and will honour it. He was never false yet, even to the feeblest faith, and if your faith is great, you shall find him greater than your faith, even when your faith is at its greatest; therefore be of good cheer. The fact that you believe should encourage you to say, “Now, oh Lord, I have come to rest upon you, can you fail me? I, a poor worm, know of no confidence except your dear name, will you forsake me? I have no refuge except your wounds, oh Jesus, no hope except in your atoning sacrifice, no light except in your light: can you cast me off?” It is not possible that the Lord should cast off one who trusts him so. Can a woman forget her nursing child, that she should not have compassion on the son of her womb? Can any of us forget our children when they fondly trust us in the days of their weakness? No, the Lord is no monster: he is tender and full of compassion, faithful and true; and Jesus is a friend who sticks closer than a brother. The very fact that he has given us faith in his covenant should help us to plead, — “Have respect for the covenant.”

20. III. Having thus shown you, dear friends, the meaning of the plea, and from where it derives its force, we will now pause for a minute and observe HOW AND WHEN THAT COVENANT MAY BE PLEADED.

21. First, it may be pleaded under a sense of sin — when the soul feels its guiltiness. Let me read to you the words of our apostle, in Hebrews, where he is speaking of this covenant. “ ‘For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days,’ says the Lord; ‘I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people. And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, "Know the Lord": for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest. For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and I will remember their sins and their iniquities no more.’ ” [Heb 8:10-12] Now, dear hearer, suppose that you are under a sense of sin; something has revived in you a memory of past guilt, or it may be that you have sadly stumbled this very day, and Satan whispers, “You will surely be destroyed, for you have sinned.” Now go to the great Father, and open this page, putting your finger on that twelfth verse, and say, “Lord, you have in infinite, boundless, inconceivable mercy entered into covenant with me, a poor sinner, since I believe in the name of Jesus, and now I beseech you to have respect for your covenant. You have said, I will be merciful to their unrighteousness: — oh God be merciful to mine. I will remember their sins and their iniquities no more: Lord, remember my sins no more: forget my iniquity for ever.” That is the way to use the covenant: when under a sense of sin, run to that clause which suits your case.

22. But suppose, beloved brother or sister, you are labouring to overcome inward corruption with intense desire that holiness should be created in you. Then read the covenant again as you find it in Jeremiah. It is the same covenant, only we are reading another version of it. “ ‘This shall be the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel; after those days,’ says the Lord, ‘I will put my law in their inward parts, and write it in their hearts.’ ” [Jer 31:33] Now, can you not plead that and say, “Lord, your commandments upon stone are holy, but I forget them, and break them; but, oh my God, write them on the fleshy tablets of my heart. Come now and make me holy; transform me; write your will upon my very soul, so that I may live it out, and from the warm impulses of my heart serve you as you would be served. Have respect for your covenant and sanctify your servant.”

23. Or suppose you desire to be upheld under strong temptation, lest you should go back and return to your old ways. Take the covenant as you find it in Jeremiah. Note these verses and learn them by heart, for some of these days they may be a great help to you. Read this verse in Jeremiah. “And I will make an everlasting covenant with them, that I will not turn away from them, to do them good; but I will put my fear in their hearts, so that they shall not depart from me.” [Jer 32:40] Now go and say, “Oh Lord, I am almost gone, and they tell me I shall finally fall, but oh, my Lord and Master, there stands your word. Put your fear in my heart and fulfil your promise, so that I shall not depart from you.” This is the sure road to final perseverance.

24. Thus I might take you through all the various needs of God’s people, and show that in seeking to have them supplied they may properly cry, “Have respect for the covenant.” For example, suppose you were in great distress of mind and needed comfort, you could go to him with that covenant promise, “As a mother comforts her children, even so I will comfort you, — out of Zion I will comfort you.” Go to him with that and say, “Lord, comfort your servant.” Or if there should happen to be a trouble upon us, not for yourselves, but for the church; how sweet it is to go to the Lord and say, “Your covenant runs like this — ‘the gates of hell shall not prevail against her.’ Oh Lord, it seems as though they would prevail. Interpose your strength and save your church.” If it ever should happen that you are looking for the conversion of the ungodly, and desiring to see sinners saved, and the world seems so dark, look at our text again — the whole verse — “Have respect for the covenant, for the dark places of the earth are full of the habitations of cruelty,” to which you may add, “but you have said that your glory shall cover the earth, and that all flesh shall see the salvation of God. Lord, have respect for your covenant. Help our missionaries, prosper your gospel, ask the mighty angel to fly through the midst of heaven to preach the everlasting gospel to every creature.” Why, it is a grand missionary prayer. “Have respect for the covenant.” Beloved, it is a two-edged sword, to be used in all conditions of strife, and it is a holy balm of Gilead, that will heal in all conditions of suffering.

25. IV. And so I close with this last question, WHAT ARE THE PRACTICAL INFERENCES FROM ALL THIS? “Have respect for the covenant.” Why, that if we ask God to have respect for it we ought to have respect for it ourselves, and in this way.

26. Have a grateful respect for it. Bless the Lord that he ever condescended to enter into covenant with you. What could he see in you even to give you a promise, much more to make a covenant with you? Blessed be his dear name, this is the sweet theme of our hymns on earth, and shall be the subject of our songs in heaven.

27. Next, have a believing respect for it. If it is God’s covenant, do not dishonour it. It stands sure. Why do you stagger at it through unbelief?

   His every work of grace is strong
      As that which built the skies;
   The voice that rolls the stars along
      Speaks all the promises.

28. Next, have a joyful respect for it. Wake up your harps, and join in praise with David: “Although my house is not so with God, yet he has made an everlasting covenant with me.” Here is enough to make a heaven in our hearts while we are still below — the Lord has entered into a covenant of grace and peace with us, and he will bless us for ever.

29. Then have a jealous respect for it. Never allow the covenant of works to be mixed with it. Hate that preaching — I cannot say it strongly enough — hate that preaching which does not discriminate between the covenant of works and the covenant of grace, for it is deadly preaching and damning preaching. You must always have a straight, clear line here between what is from man and what is from God, for cursed is he who trusts in man and makes flesh his arm; and if you have begun with the Spirit under this covenant do not think of being made perfect in the flesh under another covenant. Be holy under the precepts of the heavenly Father; but do not be legal under the taskmaster’s lash. Do not return to the bondage of the law, for you are not under law, but under grace.

30. Lastly, have a practical respect for it. Let all see that the covenant of grace, while it is your reliance, is also your delight. Be ready to speak of it to others. Be ready to show that the effect of its grace upon you is one that is worthy of God, since it has a purifying effect upon your life. He who has this hope in him purifies himself even as he is pure. Have respect for the covenant by walking as such people should who can say that God is a God for them, and they are a people for him. The covenant says, “I will cleanse them from all their idols.” Do not love idols then. The covenant says, “I will sprinkle pure water upon them, and they shall be clean.” Be clean then, you covenanted ones, and may the Lord preserve you and make his covenant to be your boast on earth and your song for ever in heaven. Oh that the Lord may bring us into the bonds of his covenant, and give us a simple faith in his dear Son, for that is the mark of the covenanted ones. Amen and Amen.

[Portion Of Scripture Read Before Sermon — Ps 74]
[See Spurgeon_Hymnal “The Work of Grace as a Whole — Grace Claims The Glory” 237]
[See Spurgeon_Hymnal “God the Father, Acts, Covenant — An Everlasting Covenant” 228]
[See Spurgeon_Hymnal “The Christian, Privileges, Final Perseverance — Saints In The Hands Of Christ” 742]

The Work of Grace as a Whole
237 — Grace Claims The Glory
1 Not for the works which we have done,
   Or shall hereafter do,
   Hath God decreed on sinful worms
   Salvation to bestow.
2 The glory, Lord, from first to last,
   Is due to thee alone:
   Aught to ourselves we dare not take,
   Or rob thee of thy crown.
3 Our glorious Surety undertook
   To satisfy for man,
   And grace was given us in him
   Before the world began.
4 This is thy will, that in thy love
   We ever should abide;
   And lo, we earth and hell defy
   To make thy counsel void.
5 Not one of all the chosen race
   But shall to heaven attain;
   Partake on earth the purposed grace,
   And then with Jesus reign.
6 Of Father, Son, and Spirit, we
   Extol the threefold care;
   Whose love, whose merit, and whose power
   Unite to lift us there.
                  Augustus M. Toplady, 1774.

God the Father, Acts, Covenant
228 — An Everlasting Covenant
1 My God, the covenant of thy love
   Abides for ever sure;
   And in its matchless grace I feel
   My happiness secure.
2 What though my house be not with thee
   As nature could desire!
   To nobler joys than nature gives
   Thy servants all aspire.
3 Since thou, the everlasting God,
   My Father art become;
   Jesus, my guardian and my friend,
   And heaven my final home.
4 I welcome all thy sovereign will,
   For all that will is love;
   And when I know not what thou dost,
   I’ll wait the light above.
5 Thy covenant the last accent claims
   Of this poor faltering tongue;
   And that shall the first notes employ
   Of my celestial song.
                     Philip Doddridge, 1755.

The Christian, Privileges, Final Perseverance
742 — Saints In The Hands Of Christ
1 Firm as the earth thy gospel stands,
      My Lord, my hope, my trust;
   If I am found in Jesus’ hands,
      My soul can ne’er be lost.
2 His honour is engaged to save
      The meanest of his sheep;
   All that his heavenly Father gave
      His hands securely keep.
3 Nor death nor hell shall e’er remove
      His favourites from his breast;
   In the dear bosom of his love
      They must for ever rest.
                           Isaac Watts, 1709.