3318. How to Read the Bible

A Sermon Published On Thursday, September 5, 1912.

Until I come, give attention to reading. {1Ti 4:13}

1. Of course, this counsel and exhortation is intended primarily as a directive to Christian ministers, and especially to young Christian ministers. They must read much if they are to be profitable to others as preachers. There used to be a very stupid conceit in some sections of the Church, that if a minister read extensively he would only give out stale truth, or what some simpletons called, “dead men’s brains.” Men have now learned, however, that he will be most fresh and original in his own thoughts who most diligently cultivates his mind by studying and pondering the thoughts of other minds. He who never quotes, will never be quoted, and he who does not read is not very likely to be read. Of course, the first thing the minister needs is to be taught by the Spirit, but then the question is — How does the Spirit teach? He teaches, no doubt, mainly through the Word and through our own practical acquaintance with that Word, but if he pleases to reveal a truth to another man, and I will not read that truth as it has been recorded by that other man, I have neglected the teaching of the Spirit of God. You know, with regard to the Saviour’s miracles, that there was not one of them that was unnecessary. He never did a thing by a miracle which could have been performed by the ordinary laws of nature. So it is with the teaching of the Spirit. I have no right to expect that the Spirit will reveal truth to me without the use of a book when I can find it out for myself with the book. “The Holy Spirit helps our infirmities,” but not our idlenesses. He is given to us on purpose that he may help us when we are weak, but not that we may be indulged when we are slothful. I have sometimes had the unutterable misery of listening to a sermon which has been professedly dictated by the Spirit of God, but in which it was clear, that the preacher had never thought on the subject before he spoke, and I can only say that I was quite at a loss to perceive any particular beauty in the sermon, nor did I see anything at all which made it as a source of edification superior to a sermon which had been prepared by someone else. I thought I detected a good many traits of human ignorance, but very few traces of the working of the Holy Spirit.

2. There are many young fellows here tonight who are preparing for the ministry. I shall not, however, enlarge on this point, but shall only press on their earnest consideration and their most devout meditation, this inspired exhortation, which is not mine, nor even an apostle’s only, but the exhortation of the Holy Spirit of God through the apostle. “Give attention to reading.” If brethren you would bless God’s Church, and train up a band of really intelligent Christians, do not be always appealing to the emotions only, but give out also good, sound, strong gospel doctrine, and illustrate the doctrine, so as to expound and commend it to others. Do this especially by reading the words of the greatest masters in scriptural theology, and these will prove to be your delightful and dear companions, and your splendid helpers in making your ministry richly profitable to your hearers.

3. This, however, is not our special subject for tonight. This same exhortation so particularly suitable to the minister, will suit all his hearers too, because the ministry is not a religious caste unique to a few; but, all of us are to teach others according as God shall teach us; and in order that we may be useful in our sphere, as the minister is in his, we must adopt the same means to outfit ourselves for our high privilege, and to prepare us to be used by God; and just as the minister without reading will have very little power, so it will be with Christians in general. “Give attention to reading” is an exhortation which I would press on most of you, especially those of you who have leisure, and who are not called to exhausting labours which take up all your time.

4. I am not, however, going to keep so closely to my text as merely to exhort you to read. I want to ask you to read God’s Word. That seems to me to be the Christian’s book. You may read other books, and your mind may be well-furnished with spiritual things by this, but if you keep to the Word of God, though you may be deficient in many points of a liberal education, you will not be deficient in the education that will outfit you for blessed service here, for the service in the skies, for communion with God on earth, and communion with Christ in glory.

5. My object this evening is to say a few things about how to read the Bible. Last Thursday night we spoke at length on God’s Word and concerning its excellencies. {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 3314, “God in Nature and in Revelation” 3316} Tonight, I think it is fitting that we should speak a little about how to read that Word with greatest profit to our souls. In doing so we shall hope to consider seven precepts all bearing powerfully on this important matter.

6. I. Our first precept shall be — READ AND DEPEND on the Spirit of God.

7. How often do we open the sacred book and read a chapter through, perhaps at family prayer, or perhaps in our own private devotions, and having read from the first verse to the last, we shut up the book, thinking we have done something very right and very proper, and in a vague way somehow profitable to us. Very right and very proper indeed, and yet, right and proper as the thing is, we may really have gained nothing by it. We may, in fact, have only drilled ourselves in the merely external part of religion, and may not have enjoyed anything spiritual, or anything that can be beneficial to our souls, if we have forgotten the Divine Spirit through whom the Word has come to us.

8. Ought we not even to remember that in order to properly understand the holy Word we need to have the Holy Spirit to be his own expositor? The hymn says concerning Providence —

   God is his own interpreter,

      And he will make it plain;

and certainly it is so with regard to the Scriptures. Commentators and expositors are very useful indeed, but the best expositor is always the author of a book himself. If I had a book which I did not quite understand, it would be a very great convenience to me to live next door to the author, for then I could just run over, and ask him what he meant. This is just your position, Christian. The book will sometimes puzzle you, but the divine author, who must know his own meaning, is ever ready to lead you into its meaning. He dwells in you, and shall be with you, and Christ Jesus says, “When he, the Spirit of truth is come, he shall lead you into all truth.”

9. But to understand the word is not enough. We also need that he makes us to feel its power. How can we do this except through the Holy Spirit? “Your Word has quickened me,” oh God, but it is only as you quickened me through it. The Word of God is to be read literally, but “it is the letter that kills,” only “the Spirit gives life,” and, excellent as are its statements, yet even they have no spiritual force in themselves. Unless the Holy Spirit shall fill them even they shall become as wells without water, and as clouds without rain. Have you not often found it so, yourselves? I appeal now to your own experience. You have sometimes read a portion of Scripture, and the page has seemed to glow, your heart has burned within you and you have said that the Word came home to you with power.

10. Just so; but it was the Holy Spirit who was bringing it close home to your spirit in its true power and making it a sweet savour of life to life for you. At other times, you may have read the very same passage, and painfully missed the sweetness which once you had tasted, and lost the lovely light that once flashed from it on your mind’s eye.

11. Everything must depend on the Spirit speaking through it, for even the light of the Word of God is to a great extent only moonlight, that is to say, it is a reflection of the light which streams from God himself, who is the one, the true source of light. If God does not shine on the Word when we read it, then, the Word does not shine back on us, but becomes a dark Word to us, or as one says “rather an obscuration than a revelation, rather concealing God from us, than revealing him to us.” Look up, reader! the next time the book is in your hands, look up before you open it, and while your eye is running down the page, look up and pray that God would shine on it; and when the chapter is finished and you put the book away, afford a minute again to look up and ask his blessing. If by reading the Scriptures we were only always reminded of the Holy Spirit, if we received no other good from the Scripture itself except the turning of our souls to think about that divine and blessed one, that would be in itself an inestimable blessing. Do read, then, thoughtfully remembering the great author.

12. II. Our second precept is — READ AND MEDITATE.

13. There is no exercise out of fashion nowadays than meditation; and yet, to use Brookes’s expression, “it is a soul-fattening duty.” The cattle crop the grass, but the nutriment comes from the chewing of the cud. Reading is the gathering together of our food, but meditation is the chewing of the cud, the digesting, the assimilating of the truth. I quarry out the truth when I read, but I smelt the ore and get the pure gold out of it when I meditate. Ruth gleaned, but afterwards she threshed. The reader is the gleaner, but he who meditates is the thresher, too. For lack of meditation the truth runs by us, and we miss and lose it. Our treacherous memory is like a sieve, and what we hear and what we read runs through it and leaves very little behind, and that little is often unprofitable to us, by reason of our lack of diligence to get thoroughly at it. I often find it very profitable to get a text as a sweet morsel under my tongue in the morning and to keep its flavour, if I can, in my mouth all the day.

14. I like to turn it over and over again in my mind, for any one text of the Scriptures you will find to be like the kaleidoscope. Turn it one way, and you say, “What a fair truth is this!” Turn it another way and you see the same truth, but under how different an aspect! Turn it yet once more, and keep doing it all day, and you will be amazed and delighted to find in how many lights the same truth will appear, and what wonderful permutations and combinations you can find in it. When you have been all day doing this, you will be constrained to feel that there is an infinity about even one text, so that you can never completely comprehend it, but find it still is beyond you. If you get a passage of Scripture given to you, do not give it up quickly, because you do not immediately seize its force and fulness. The manna which fell in the wilderness would not keep sweet beyond one day; if held over to the second it bred worms and stank. But there was one portion of manna which was put into a golden pot, and laid up in the ark of the covenant, which never lost its sweetness and heavenly nutriment. And there is a way of keeping the precious portions of God’s word that are given to you today, in such a manner that you may go in its strength for forty days, and continue to find fresh food in the same text day after day, and even month after month. But this is only to be done by meditating on it. Our hymn has a fable in it when it says that the —

      Spicy breezes

   Blow soft o’er Ceylon’s isle.

Voyagers who have been there tell us that they have never smelled “the spicy breezes,” for the cinnamon yields no perfume until it is bruised and broken, and certainly God’s Word is very full of perfume, but not until it has been graciously bruised by reverent and loving meditation. You cannot get the sweetness and fragrance from it until you have struck it again and again in the mortar of thought with the pestle of memory. Meditate, then, on these things.

15. “But how can we meditate,” one says, “when we have so many things to think about?” But “one thing is required,” and it is required that the Christian should mediate on the things of God. I know you must give your minds to many things, and I cannot ask you not to do so, but whenever you have time to rest, then let your minds come back to the old home. The birds of the air are all day long picking up their food, but they go straight away to the roosting place at night, and so when the day’s business is over, and the daily bread has been gained, fly to your nest, and rest your soul in some precious portion of God’s Word. During the day too, whenever you are freed from anxiety, let your mind dart upwards, and it will help you to do so, if you take a text and make it as wings that enable you to fly to ponder heavenly things. Read and meditate.

16. III. The third rule for our guidance should be — READ AND APPLY.

17. What I mean is just this. Do not read the Bible as a book for other people. Do not read it merely to say, “Yes, it is true; very true; I believe its doctrines to be the revelation of the infallible mind of God himself.” But endeavour also in reading a passage of the Scriptures, always to see how much it belongs to you. For some of you there is very little in the Word of God except threatening. Pray God to help you to feel the solemnity even of the threatening, for if you feel deeply the threatening now, you may be delivered from the tragic fulfilment of it eventually. If you are made to tremble under God’s Word, you may never be made to tremble under God’s hand. If you feel the wrath to come now, you may never have to feel it in the next world. Ask God that his threats may drive you out of your sins, and drive you to seek pardon in Christ. Then when you read descriptions of the human heart, and the fall, the corruption, and the depravity of our nature, look, and see yourselves as in a mirror, and say of each man as you hear of his sin, “I am such a man as this was, and if I do not fall into precisely the same sin, yet the possibility and peril of it is in my heart, and I should do so, but for God’s restraining grace.” Take the very histories home to your heart, and find a point in them, either of encouragement or of warning for yourselves. As for the doctrines, remember that a doctrine kills except as it is personally grasped and as you feel your interest in it. I have known some to rejoice greatly in the doctrine of election who never were elected, and some who were very pleased with the doctrine of justification by faith, but who had no faith by which to be justified. I have known of some, too, who gloried in final perseverance, but who, if they had finally persevered would certainly have been in hell, for they were on the road there. It is one thing to know these truths, and even to fight for them with the zeal and bitterness of a controversialist, but it is quite another thing to enjoy them as our own inheritance and our portion for ever. Ask the Lord to show you your interest in every truth, and do not be satisfied until you have an assured personal interest in it. Especially let this be so with the promises. “I will never leave you, nor forsake you.” Well, it is a very fine promise, but if it is read to me like this: “I will never leave you, nor forsake you,” what a transformed and glorified promise it then becomes! Stout old Martin Luther used to say, “All vital religion is in the personal and possessive pronouns.” Is it not so? “When you pass through the river I will be with you, the floods shall not overflow you!” Oh! truly, such a promise is like a cluster of Eshcol, but it is in Eshcol’s valley and I cannot reach it there; but the promise applied is the cluster brought to me just where I am, and I can receive it, and delight myself in its luscious sweetness.

18. Take care, none the less, to seek for the application of precepts. Some are always looking out for other people’s duty, and are great judges and critics for what others ought to do. “Who are you who judges another man?” To his own master he stands or falls. See what precepts are binding on yourself, and then, as a child of God, make your feet swift to run in the way of his commandments. Read the Bible as a man reads his relative’s will, to find what legacy there is in it for himself. Do with the Bible as the sick man does with the doctor’s prescription. Follow it by personally doing what it tells you. Ask God not to let your Bible be another man’s Bible, but your own Bible, God’s own mouth speaking to your soul of the things which make for your peace.

19. IV. Fourthly — and this is very hard work — READ AND PRACTISE.

20. If you do not do this, you are reading to your own condemnation. If you read, “He who believes in him is not condemned,” if you do not believe then you are “condemned already,” because you have not believed in the Son of God. The gospel is a very solemn thing to every man, because if it is not a savour of life to life, since it must always be a savour of some kind, it therefore becomes a savour of death to death. Some seem as if they read the Bible in order to know how not to do, and the more God commands the more they will not obey. Though he draws them they will not come to him, and when he calls them they will give him no answer. A sorry, sorry heart is what uses God’s Word so as to make it an aggravation of its sin. Our life ought to be — and if God’s grace is much in it, it will be — a new translation of the Bible. Speak of bringing the Bible down into the vernacular! Well, this is it. The worldling’s Bible is the Christian. He never reads the book, but he reads the disciple of Christ, and he judges the Christian religion, by the lives of its professors. The world will learn better, and will more likely be brought to know Christ when the lives of Christians are better, and when the Bible of the Christian life shall be more in accordance with the Bible of Christian doctrine. May God make us holy; sanctify us, spirit, soul, and body, and then we shall be made completely serviceable both to the Church and to the world. Read and practise; but we shall only be able to do this, as God the Holy Spirit shall help us.

21. V. Then let us — READ AND PRAY.

22. This is, perhaps, coming back almost to the first point, that is, read with dependence on the Holy Spirit; but I desire to impress a rather different thought on your souls. Martin Luther says he learned more by prayer than he ever learned in any other way. A stone-breaker was one day on his knees breaking flints, when a minister came by and said, “I see you are doing what I often do, breaking up hard things.” “Yes, sir,” was the answer, “and I am doing it in the way in which you must do it, on my knees.”

23. A passage in Scripture will often open up when you pray over it, which will defy more criticism or looking to expositors. You put the text into action, and then you comprehend it. I suppose if a man were studying anatomy, and had never seen the body in life, he might not be able to know what a certain ligament was for, or such a bone, but if he could set that body moving then he might understand the use of all the different parts, supposing he were able to see them. So when a text of Scripture lies, as it were, dead before us we may not be able to understand it, but when by prayer the text grows into life, and we set it in motion, we comprehend it at once. We may hammer away at a text sometimes in meditation, and strike it again and again, and yet it may not yield to us, but we cry to God, and immediately the text opens, and we see concealed in it wonderful treasure of wisdom and of grace.

24. But the prayer should not be merely that we may understand the text. I think we should pray over every passage in order that we may be enabled to get out of it what God would impart to us. A text is like a treasure chest which is locked, and prayer is the key to open it, and then we get God’s treasure. The text is God’s letter, full of loving words, but prayer must break the seal. When reading goes with praying and praying goes with reading, then a man goes on both his feet, the bird flies with both his wings. To read only is unprofitable: to pray without reading is not so soul-enriching; but when the two run together, they are like the horses pulling the chariot, and they speed along very merrily.

25. Read and pray Christian! but take care you do not read without watering your reading with your prayer. Paul may plant, and Apollos may water, but God gives the increase, and even in this Blessed Book Moses may plant and David may water, but prayer must cry to God or else the increase will not come.

26. VI. Now in the sixth place, READ AND TEST.

27. Test what you hear; test what you profess; test what you read. Goldsmiths keep bottles of acid by which they test everything that is offered them for sale, whether it is gold or merely tinsel, and the Christian should keep God’s word near at hand and treasured in the soul, to test everything that he hears. “Prove all things; hold firmly to what is good.” Many hearers believe all that is said because of the person who declares it to them. This is not according to Christ’s mind. We ought to receive nothing as vital religious truth unless it is sent to us from above; and however much we may respect the pastor or the teacher, we must not give up our judgment to any man so as to receive his teaching merely because he chooses to utter it. Bring every form of truth that is delivered to you, though it may glitter with oratory and seem reasonable and proper, to the test of Scripture. It is very difficult, however, to get men to do this. They seem to imagine that you have sinister motives the moment you tell them that. There is a conservatism in the nature of us all with regard to our religious faith, which is right enough if it were balanced by another principle. To hold firmly what I do know is right, but to be willing to receive or to do anything that God would teach me to receive or do is more right still. I must know what it is to which I hold firmly, or else I may be injuring myself by the fixedness by which I stand by what I have learned. The woman of Samaria said, “Our forefathers worshipped God in this mountain.” That is the argument of numerous people. “Our forefathers did such and such.” This would be a capital argument supposing that our forefathers were always right, but a very absurd argument supposing that they were wrong. I hope we are not like that early Saxon who asked where his father and all his ancestors had gone, and when he was told they were no doubt lost, replied to the missionary that he would rather go where they were than become a Christian and be separated from them.

28. There are some who seem to be of this blood, and boast in it. Their ancestors believed this or that, and they desire to follow them. There are many who profess doctrines they have never learned, and which they do not really know and grasp. They have the shell but they never reach the kernel. Is this not the case with many of us here tonight? If you even have a doctrine in your mind, find out the text or texts which prove it. If there should happen to be other texts which seem to point the other way, do not cut and pare any of them down, but accept everything, and wait until the Spirit reveals where they really agree. Scripture is not to fit your opinions, but your opinions to conform to the blessed Word. There is a fable of a foolish gardener who had a tree that would persist in growing oddly. He did not like to restrain it, and therefore had a wall built for it to grow on. I think the man was wiser by far who left the wall alone, and changed the tree. There are people who are very apt to alter Scripture to suit their views, pulling out one word until it is ever so long, dropping another, or completely changing the meaning of it, though everyone knows that it is the forced and unnatural one, or else tinkering up a text until it will fit some crank theory or peculiarity of theirs. This is not reverence; it is not treating God’s Word as it ought to be treated. God’s Word is no nose of wax to be formed according to our fancies — or anyone else’s. Though no one else should say what he means, God always does. He would not have us talk in language that is capable of half-a-dozen meanings; and he does not talk that way himself. He speaks so plainly that if we are candid and desire to know what he means it is not difficult to do so, especially if we go to him for it. Let us, then, take this advice, and test the spirits whether they are from God, and, like the noble Bereans, search the Scriptures whether these things are so, and so read the Scriptures and test what we read.

29. VII. And, lastly, the text is significantly followed by, “Give attention to reading, to exhortation.” I will, therefore, say, in the seventh place, READ AND TELL what you read.

30. This will be an effective way of imprinting it on your own memory. When you read a passage of Scripture, and have any enjoyment in it, go to your sick neighbour and tell what God has said to you. If you meet an ignorant one when you know something of the things of God, tell them to him. Nations are enriched by the exchange of commerce, and so are Christians. We each have something that another does not have, and he has something that we need. Let us trade together. “Then those who feared the Lord spoke often to each other,” and it is very good that they should do so. Our talk is alas! too often very frivolous; there is much chaff but little wheat. If we would only talk more about Scripture, and establish it as a fashion among Christians, we should grow much faster and stronger, and be wiser in the things of the kingdom.

31. I know one who, when he was a young man, read all day until evening came, and then went every evening and preached. The preaching in the evening what he had read during the day stamped and fastened the truths on his own mind, and made them unspeakably profitable to him. When you have read for an hour or so, spend another half-hour in sharing with a child, or a servant, or a seeker, or to some bedridden saint, the thing that has enriched and helped you.

32. How I would impress this on every one of you, my dear brothers and sisters, who are members of this church. We owe very many of the conversions that have happened here to the personal exertions of our church members. God acknowledges our ministry, but he also acknowledges yours. It is to our delight at church meetings that when converts come they often have to say that the word preached from the pulpit was blessed to them, and yet I think that almost as often they say it was the word spoken in some of the classes, or in the pews; for many of you have been spiritual parents to strangers who have dropped in. Keep doing this. Let our congregation be full of these spiritual sharpshooters, who shall pick out, each man his man, and who shall fire with the gun of the gospel directly at each individual.

33. Of course, if you know nothing, you can tell nothing. If you have never read anything which by the blessing of God has been brought powerfully home to your own soul, do not attempt to speak to others. There must be something begun in your own soul first, but if you have been brought into personal contact with divine truth, let it be the first impulse of your soul to —

   Tell to the sinners round

   What a dear Saviour you have found.

The woman of Samaria left her water-pot and went into the city, and said, “Come, see a man who told me everything that I ever did; is this not the Christ?” My beloved, let us do the same. I do not know a living thing, even a wild flower in the hedge, that does not try to prolong the existence of its species. The foxglove sheds its seeds all down the banks; no matter how tiny the flower may be it seeks to produce its kind. So you, Christian! who are the noblest work of God, should not be satisfied unless your life is a continual spreading around of the truth which has been made vital to you, and will be new life to others.

34. What a grand crown and close to this night’s service it would be if we could be used of God to bring a soul from darkness to light, and from slavery to liberty. We cannot do it by ourselves; but God may help us. Would you not walk a mile, indeed! many miles to do it? Well, you need not walk miles. It is quite possible that the very person, who, as it were by chance, is sitting next to you tonight, is the person whom God has predestinated to be blessed, and to be blessed by you. At any rate, try it. There shall be nothing lost, there may be much gained. Why has God taught the truth to you? For your own good? Indeed, but you are not to be selfish! At least be as unselfish as the three lepers, who, when they found the Syrian camp deserted and an abundance of gold and silver, said, “We do not do well to stay here; this is a day of good news; let us go to the city and tell.” Dear friend, you do not do well if you read only for yourself. Having read go out and tell what you have read, and the blessing shall come into your own heart, even if it does not go out to others, and you shall be blessed, and God shall be glorified.

35. I would urge this, in conclusion, on some of you who are not converted. Often men have come to Christ by reading the Scriptures. Attend preaching ministry, but do also read and search the Scriptures. I remember when I was seeking Christ I read Doddridge’s “Rise and Progress of Religion in the Soul,” but the book muddled me much, though it is a very admirable book in some respects. Then I read Alleine’s “Alarm,” and then Baxter’s “Call to the Unconverted,” and all these only ploughed my heart more and more. But the comfort which I got came out of God’s Word. It was from that precious text, “Look to me and be saved, all you ends of the earth.” Then I received light. Turn away from all human books to the divine book, and from all human helpers to him on whom help is laid, and who is mighty to save. Read God’s love in the Book of Atonement on the cross, written in the crimson lines of the Saviour’s flowing blood and steaming veins. Look to Christ, and trust in him, and you shall live. May God bless you for Jesus’ sake.

Exposition By C. H. Spurgeon {Ps 119:105-115}

105. Your word is a lamp to my feet, and a light to my path.

We are walkers through the city of this world, and we are often called to go out into its darkness; let us never venture there without the light-giving word, lest we slip with our feet. Each man should use the word of God personally, practically, and habitually, so that he may see his way and see what lies in it. When darkness settles down on around me, the word of the Lord, like a flaming torch, reveals my way. We should not know the way, or how to walk in it, if Scripture, like a blazing torch, did not reveal it. It is a lamp by night, a light by day, and a delight at all times. David guided his own steps by it, and also saw the difficulties of his road by its beams.

106. I have sworn, and I will perform it, that I will keep your righteous judgments.

Under the influence of the clear light of knowledge he had firmly made up his mind, and solemnly declared his resolve in the sight of God. Perhaps doubting his own fickle mind, he had pledged himself in sacred form to remain faithful to the determinations and decisions of his God. Whatever path might open before him, he was sworn to follow only the one on which the lamp of the word was shining.

107. I am afflicted very much: quicken me, oh LORD, according to your word.

According to the last verse he had been sworn in as a soldier of the Lord, and in this next verse he is called to suffer hardness in that capacity. Our service of the Lord does not screen us from trial, but rather secures it for us. The psalmist was a consecrated man, and yet a chastened man. Quickening is the best remedy for tribulation, the soul is raised above the thought of present distress, and be filled with that holy joy which attends all vigorous spiritual life, and so the affliction grows light.

108. Accept, I beseech you, the free-will offerings of my mouth, oh LORD, and teach me your judgments.

He offers prayer, praise, confession, and testimony — these, presented with his voice in the presence of an audience, were the tribute of his mouth to Jehovah. He trembles lest these should be so poorly uttered so as to displease the Lord, and therefore he implores acceptance. When we render to the Lord our best, we become all the more concerned to do better. If, indeed, the Lord shall accept us, we then desire to be further instructed, so that we may be even more acceptable.

109. My soul is continually in my hand: yet I do not forget your law.

He lived in the midst of danger. He had to be always fighting for existence — hiding in caves, or contending in battles. This is a very uncomfortable and trying state of affairs, and men are apt to think any expedient justifiable by which they can end such a condition; but David did not turn aside to find safety in sin. They say that all things are fair in love and war; but the holy man did not think so: while he carried his life in his hand, he also carried the law in his heart.

110. The wicked have laid a snare for me: yet I did not err from your precepts.

Spiritual life is the scene of constant danger: the believer lives with his life in his hands, and meanwhile everyone seem to be plotting to take it from him, by cunning if they cannot by violence. We shall not find it an easy thing to live the life of the faithful. Wicked spirits and wicked men will leave no stone unturned for our destruction. He was not snared, for he kept his eyes open, and kept near to his God.

111. I have taken your testimonies as an inheritance for ever: for they are the rejoicing of my heart.

He chose them as his lot, his portion, his estate; and what is more, he laid hold on them and made them so, — taking them into possession and enjoyment. David’s choice is our choice. If we might have our desire, we would desire to keep the commands of God perfectly. To know the doctrine, to enjoy the promise, to practise the command, — may this be a kingdom large enough for me.

112. I have inclined my heart to perform your statutes always, even to the end.

He was not half inclined to virtue, but heartily inclined to it. His whole heart was bent on practical, persevering godliness. He was resolved to keep the statutes of the Lord with all his heart, throughout all his time, without erring or ending. He made it his purpose to keep the law to the end, and that without end.

113. I hate vain thoughts: but I love your law.

The opposite of the fixed and infallible law of God is the wavering, changing opinion of men: David had an utter contempt and abhorrence for this, all his reverence and regard went to the sure word of testimony. In proportion to his love for the law was his hate of man’s inventions. The thoughts of men are vanity; but the thoughts of God are verity.

114. You are my hiding-place and my shield: I hope in your word.

To his God he ran for shelter from vain thoughts; there he hid himself away from their tormenting intrusions, and in solemn silence of the soul he found God to be his hiding-place. When called into the world, if he could not be alone with God as his hiding-place, he could have the Lord with him as his shield, and by this means he could ward off the attacks of wicked suggestions.

115. Depart from me, you evildoers: for I will keep the commandments of my God.

If we flee to God from vain thoughts, how much more shall we avoid vain men. Evildoers make evil counsellors. Those who say to God, “Depart from us,” ought to hear the immediate echo of their words from the mouths of God’s children, “Depart from us. We cannot eat bread with traitors.”