3311. The Water and the Blood

A Sermon Published On Thursday, July 18, 1912.

But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and immediately there came out blood and water. {Joh 19:34}

For other sermons on this text:

   {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 1956, “On the Cross After Death” 1957}

   {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 3311, “Water and the Blood, The” 3313}

   {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 3559, “Pierced Heart of Jesus, The” 3561}

   Exposition on Joh 19:1-37 {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 3123, “King of the Jews, The” 3124 @@ "Exposition"}

   Exposition on Joh 19:14-37 {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 3279, “Ever This Our War Cry — Victory, Victory!” 3281 @@ "Exposition"}

   Exposition on Joh 19:23-37 {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 3311, “Water and the Blood, The” 3313 @@ "Exposition"}

1. It is with much fear and trembling that I usually stand on this platform, — not that I shrink before the face of the multitude, however large, but the weight of the subject which I have to continually bring before your minds fills my own soul with awe. And yet it is with more than usual anxiety I approach my subject this evening, because, although it is full of tender interest and touching pathos, I feel that, without the unction of the Holy Spirit, it would be insipid and unprofitable; and yet, on the other hand, with that divine anointing, it is one of the richest topics that can possibly engage our meditation.

2. Readers of old theology will have noticed how constantly the fathers were accustomed to dwell on the wounds of Jesus slain; and this fifth wound which penetrated his heart was particularly appealing to them. They said a great many things about it, some indeed that were fanciful, but other remarks that were truly excellent, and well deserve to be treasured up. I wish it were more the practice of believers nowadays than it is to study the very person of Christ, as well as the doctrines of the gospel, and to learn the divine lessons which are discoverable in the wounds of Jesus as well as the sacred admonitions bequeathed to us by the words of his mouth.

3. One of these old divines says that Jesus Christ was typified by our first father, Adam. Just as Adam fell asleep, and out of his side Eve was taken, so Jesus slept on the cross the sleep of death, and from his side, where the spear was thrust, his Church was taken. He who redeemed us to God by his blood, formed us as a special people for himself. The Church is one with him, she came out of his side; and as he looks at her, he can say, “You are bone of my bone, and flesh of my flesh, I have redeemed you with my blood.” Others have been pleased to compare Christ to the rock in the wilderness, which was struck, and this spear thrust is the great cleft in the rock. So, you remember, Toplady puts it, —

   Rock of Ages, cleft for me!

   Let me hide myself in thee.

And he clearly has this in view, for the next lines are, —

   Let the water and the blood

   From thy riven side which flowed,

   Be of sin the double cure,

   Cleanse me from its guilt and power.

4. I do not consider this allusion fanciful, nor can I think it distorts the type. Moses, hidden in the cleft of the rock so that he might see God’s glory, did not have a standing-place one half so glorious as you and I have when, sheltered in the wounds of the Saviour slain, we see the glorious justice and the infinite love of God reconciled in the person of the dying Lamb.

5. In the course of reading, I have found some remarkable expressions in regard to this great wound of Christ. Some have called it, “a gate of heaven.” Why should I object to the title? Do we not enter into heaven through the wounds of Jesus? It is, of course, a metaphorical expression, yet quite allowable. If the teaching is that there is no other way of access to God except through the torn veil of Christ’s body, — and that veil was torn in two indeed when the soldier with the spear pierced his side, — we may, without straining the thought, call that wound one of the gates of heaven. Another calls it “a celestial window, a window of paradise,” and we have versified that idea in one of our own familiar sonnets, —

   Look through Jesus’ wounds on me;

      Him, and then the sinner see.

6. Another writer, carried away by the consideration of this spear thrust, calls it “a palace of refuge.” A palace! Surely, never a king had such a one; Solomon’s palace of ivory was nothing like it. And what a refuge it is! When the poor heart, like the dove hunted by the hawk, needs a shelter, if it can fly to Jesus’ wounds, it is sheltered from all its sins. Well does our song put it, —

   Come, guilty souls, and flee away

      Like doves to Jesus’ wounds;

   This is the welcome gospel-day,

      Wherein free grace abounds.

I forget the name of the writer, who, in speaking on his Master’s wounds, seems to get so exalted and carried away by the subject that he calls this wound “the sacred well-head of the rivers of golden sand which cover all the earth,” — two rivers, one of water and the other of blood; two quickening rivers, that carry life through the realms of death; two purifying rivers, cleansing the Augean stable {a} of this filthy world; two mighty rivers, which bear the elect vessels onwards towards the sea of everlasting bliss, not one of them suffering shipwreck on the voyage, for this mighty river is too deep to have quicksands, too broad for the mariner to be cast away on a rock-bound shore. I like the thought, and so let it be, — the sacred well-head of that river of more than golden sand, the streams of which make glad the multitudes of God’s chosen throughout the earth.

7. In this wound of Christ, caused by the soldier, I discern four obvious meanings; it had many more, but these four will be enough to occupy our attention this evening.

8. I. It was THE MARK OF PROPHECY.

9. In order that it might be fully known that Jesus Christ was the Messiah who was to come, the prophets had given many signs, all of which must be found in the person of the man who should be the great Deliverer. Among the rest was this one that John quotes, “A bone of him shall not be broken.” This description concerned the paschal lamb, of which it was expressly said by the Lord, through Moses, that they were never to break a single bone of it. Its joints were to be separated after it had been roasted with fire, but not a bone was to be snapped. Now, if Jesus Christ is the Lamb of God’s Passover, it is necessary and required that he should never have a broken bone. And yet it looked as if his bones would be broken. The rough soldier brought up a large iron bar, and with an awful blow smashed the legs of the poor thief who hung on one side of our Lord, but half-dead, in order to hasten his death. It was a strange thing that he passed by Christ, who was in the middle. I do not know what it was that made him do so, — whether some flash of majesty beamed from that dead face, or whether some exceptional instinct checked his arm. But he went and administered the dreadful blow to the thief on the other side; and now he came to Christ, and perhaps lifted up the iron bar, when he saw that he was dead already. His head was hanging down on his bosom, and the man saw clearly that there was no need to administer the death-blow to him. It was a strange thing that his hands should be so restrained. The soldiers of that day were merciless enough. They were just as likely as not to have broken the bones even though the man was dead; but prophecy must have it so, and therefore not a bone of Jesus can be broken.

10. And then the prophet Zechariah had said concerning the Messiah, “They shall look at him whom they have pierced, and they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for his only son.” Now, up until that moment our Lord had not been pierced, except for his hands and feet, and this would scarcely have been a carrying out of the word “pierced.” Someone would have said, “Well, but he never was pierced so as to cause his death; there was no such piercing as the text indicates.” But now that the soldier, moved by the mysterious impulse, lifts his lance, and thrusts it deep into the side of Christ, — now prophecy did set its mark on Christ, — now history did identify him, the man without broken bones, yet the man whose side was pierced, him for whom Israel should one day mourn, him whom his enemies should one day confess to be their King.

11. My dear brothers and sisters, has it ever struck you with admiring wonder that Jesus Christ should answer to prophecies so complicated, and types so diverse, — should answer even with coincidences the most minute to them all? It would be almost impossible to count the types of Christ which are given in the Old Testament. It would, perhaps, be easy to count the prophecies, but very difficult for anyone to form a character in which all these should be blended and fulfilled. It has been said that, if you were to give all these types and all these prophecies to the wisest of men of all ages, and say to them, “You are required to compile a biography of a man who shall answer to all these,” they must certainly give it up in despair. You can find men who will make a key to fit any lock; by diligence of labour, no matter how complicated the mechanism may be, the thing may at last be done. But I will defy all the wisdom that ever was in humanity to form a key that will fit the very complex wards of all the types of the Old Testament and all its prophecies. How palpable then the evidence is. Our Lord Jesus Christ answers to them all. Just as the stamp in the wax answers to the seal that stamped it, the providence that transpired corresponds with the predictions that anticipated his course; he went as it was written of him. There he is, and he fulfils types that look the most opposite, and prophecies which seem to run counter to each other.

12. If anyone thinks that the stories told by the four Evangelists are spurious, I would suggest to him to go and write a fifth, — to try to write another that would as much correspond with the Old Testament, and with the other four, as those four do with the Old Testament, and with each other; and when that task was done, I would then give him another problem to solve before he could have reasonable basis for suspicion that Jesus of Nazareth was not the Messiah. Account for the incredulity of the Jews in the presence of those evidences that have produced conviction among the Gentiles on any other hypotheses than what ratifies their own Scripture. If the Old Testament is the Word of God, it seems marvellous to us that men do not receive Jesus, necessarily, as being the Shiloh who was to come, the promised Messiah, the Prince of the kings of the earth. Jewish unbelief amazes us; yet I suppose, if we judged properly, our own lack of faith in Jesus, notwithstanding the rational credit we give to his mission as a popular creed, is even more amazing. If that is gross unbelief which rejects Christ while acknowledging the Old Testament, what shall I say of you who refuse allegiance to him, and yet profess to believe both the Old and the New? If those who receive the first yet stumble at the second, what shall I say of those who receive both, and yet, over the head of this double belief professed, do not give their hearts to the crucified Son of God, and do not put their trust in the merit of his precious blood, but still continue afar off from him by wicked works?

13. Some time ago, when in Italy, at a town on the Italian side of the Alps, I saw, one Sabbath day afternoon, in a quiet walk alone, a sight which struck me very much, and which remains fixed on my memory. There was outside the town a mountain, all the way up the sides of which were different representations of the progress of our Lord, from the garden where Judas betrayed him to the place of his resurrection. The figures were as large as life, carved in either stone or wood, and painted to imitate nature. When I got to the very summit of the hill, there was a church. There was no one in it, and I pushed open the door, and went in. All was still. It was a large building, and all around it were images of the prophets and the apostles. There stood Isaiah, and Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, and all the rest, — one knew the usual portraits of them; and up in the dome, at the very top of the church, was a large and striking image of the Saviour. Now, what struck me about the church was this, — that the images of those prophets and apostles who stood there had their fingers all pointed upwards, so that, when I went in, I could not help looking up to the top to see what they were pointing at. All around the church there were the words, in Latin, “Moses and the prophets spoke concerning him”; and there stood Moses and the prophets, carved in stone, and all pointing to him. Isaiah had a little scroll in his hand, on which was written, “The Lord has made to meet on him the iniquity of us all.” Jeremiah had a scroll in his hand, on which was written, “Behold, and see if there is any sorrow like my sorrow, which is done to me.” I think the church just represented the truth in that case. It is even so. All the prophets stand as a complete circle of distinct testifiers, and, with uplifted fingers, they all concur with John the Baptist when he said, “Behold the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world.” They all point to Christ. If you read the life of Christ, and then read what they said of him, you will be persuaded that this is he who was to come.

14. II. But to pass on, we may look at the spear thrust in the side of Christ as THE ESCUTCHEON {b} OF SHAME.

15. While our Lord lived, he was the subject of every form of scorn. He was scourged, as no one but a felon might be according to the Roman law. He was spat on and mocked, as even a felon ought not to have been. That thorn-crown, that sceptre of reed, and that old scarlet cloak, — who could have invented a more shameful insignia for One who was greater than all the kings on the earth, but who was brought very low? And our Lord’s death itself was a great portion of his shame. It was a shame for him to die, and ignominy for him to die the death of hanging on the cross. Heraldry has so emblazoned the symbol that we do not ordinarily comprehend the real shame to which Christ was exposed. Were I to preach to you tonight that a certain man who was hanged was very God, people would begin to say, “Why you preach of one who died on the gallows as a felon.” Literally and truly, that is just how Jesus Christ did die, according to the customs of his times. Crucifixion was to the Romans what hanging is to us, only it was worse. It was more shameful, for crucifixion was reserved for the very worst of crimes. Not all murderers were so punished, but only the worst and vilest crimes with murder to aggravate them received this opprobrious doom. People hang crosses around their necks, and wear them as ornaments; I wonder whether they would make ornaments of gibbets, yet it means that. It is just the same thing; and this is the shame of Christ. This is the very shame in which Paul rejoiced and gloried, that Jesus Christ was not ashamed to be a shame; that he was willing to be made a shame and a curse for us; that he was content to be treated with all the scorn that human malignity and inhuman cruelty could heap on him.

16. But, beloved, when Christ was dead, they might certainly have ceased from their scorn. But no; the brutal Roman soldiers were not very nice concerning what they did with living bodies. They would not, therefore, be particular concerning what they did with dead bodies; therefore this soldier, in a mere freak of deliberate brutality, thrust his lance into the Saviour’s heart. It was the last kick of the old enemy. It was, as it were, the last of the spittle from the foul mouth of human slander and hatred. It was the last thrust that human malice could give to the Lord of life and glory. I see in this the mark, the crowning emblem of the shame which he endured.

17. Well, and what then? Why, it should teach us, dear friends, what a shameful thing sin must be; for, though Christ was no sinner, yet, when our sins were laid on him, see how God treated him, and permitted him to be treated as an outcast, to be covered with the utmost shame. Ah sin, what a shameful thing you must be! Blush, Christian, that you should be guilty of it. Blush again that you do not blush more often. Be ashamed that you are not ashamed of sin, and be offended that your heart should be so stolid over a thing so detestable.

18. Another thought springs up, namely, that if Christ was put to so much shame for us, how glad we ought to be if we are allowed sometimes to be put to shame for him! Oh! there are some people who cannot bear shame; they can endure anything else but ridicule and laughter. As John Bunyan says, “of all villains, Shame is the most shameless for he will go and make sport and fun of the Christian’s virtues, and mock at what he ought to admire.” Well, child of God, supposing today you have your face spat on for Christ, it would scarcely be worth while to wipe it off. Ah! if you had to live a dying life, to be imprisoned in the dungeon, or to live on the rack; as long as it was done for him who bore all this for you, the thought might sweeten the wormwood, and turn the gall into honey, that you were so honoured to have fellowship with him in his sufferings. I leave that view of this wound of Christ with you, praying that it may nerve your hearts with a glorious courage, as you see Jesus so shamefully wounded for you.

19. III. This lance-wound was THE SEAL OF DEATH ON OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST.

20. His enemies were so determined to put him to death that they dragged his life out of its principal organ, and then they pierced it, namely, the heart. It was not possible that Jesus Christ could have lived another moment longer, even had he been alive at that time; but when the heart was touched, death must come. Those who understand anatomy tell us that the pericardium around the heart was pierced, and they say that from that there flowed the blood and the water; but I am extremely doubtful whether the pericardium in any state whatever could have yielded a sufficient quantity of lymph, for though there is water there, there is only a small quantity. In the state in which our Saviour was, blood and water might have been found naturally in his heart, but only in a very small and infinitesimal quantity. The fountain that flowed from there was miraculous, not natural but supernatural; or if natural, yet so exalted and so increased in quantity as to become in itself supernatural.

21. Certainly, however, the piercing of his heart was the indication to all mankind that “he was dead already.” Now, little as that may seem in the eyes of those of you who do not love him, it is a most important thing to those who trust him; for remember, if Jesus Christ had not died, you and I must have perished. It was of no avail for our expiation that he sweat great drops of blood unless he had perfected the sacrifice. The law required life; if Christ had not laid down his life, the law would have required ours. In due time, our souls must have been cast into the second death on account of sin, if Jesus had not died, actually and truly died. But we are quite sure about it now, for his heart was pierced. Indeed, I may say that this is the one keystone of the whole gospel system; for if Jesus did not die then, we have no resurrection; for if he did not die then, he did not rise; and if we have no evidence of resurrection, our whole religion becomes a falsehood. But, brethren, he did die. His soul left his body. That corpse that was taken by Joseph of Arimathaea was as lifeless as any that was ever committed to the sepulchre; and he did rise again, in proof to us that we who die, and those we have parted with on the confines of this mortal life, who are, alas! all truly dead, shall certainly rise again, and in their flesh shall see God. This is a simple truth for you to hear, perhaps; but never did any angel have such weighty news to tell as I have told to you tonight, that God was made flesh; the very God who made heaven and earth took upon himself our nature, and as such he died, literally died for us. The God-man, the Mediator, Jesus of Nazareth, the Son of God, and the Son of Mary, died, was crucified, and had his heart pierced for us; and if we depend on this, we may rest secure. If he died, then we need not die. If he died for us, then we cannot die the second death. If Jesus was punished in our place, the sting of death is taken away, the law is satisfied, and every soul that believes in him shall have eternal life.

22. IV. But I cannot tarry longer on that, therefore I come to the fourth point. This heart-wound of Christ is also to be called THE SOURCE OF PURITY.

23. The text tells us that there issued from it a double flood of blood and water. We are not at a loss to explain this, because the apostle John, in his Epistle, has told us that our Lord “came by water and blood; not by water only, but by water and blood,” {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 3252, “By Water and Blood” 3254} and he explains it by the connection that Christ came into the world by blood to take away the guilt of sin, and by water to take away the power of sin; by blood to remove the punishment, by water to remove the filth.

24. Now, dear friends, let us say that there is no blood and no water that can wash away sin anywhere but in Christ. All the blood of young bulls could not take away sin, though offered by Aaron himself, the father of the Levitical priesthood; and all the water in the world, though consecrated by bishops, and cardinals, and popes, cannot take away a single spot of iniquity. The only blood that can cleanse us from God’s wrath is the blood of Jesus Christ himself, and the only water that can wash out of us the damning stain of sin is the water which came from Jesus Christ’s heart. So if you want to be doubly washed, go to the Son of God for the washing. Go nowhere else, please, for every other trust is only a delusion and a lie. Jesus Christ can put away the guilt of every sin. Though you have been a drunkard, an adulterer, a fornicator, a thief, a murderer, yet the blood of Jesus Christ can wash you from the accumulated filth of years, and the water from Christ’s side can take away your propensities to sin, and change your nature, and make you holy instead of filthy, can make you pure in heart instead of polluted in spirit. Nothing else can do it. No lie was ever more extraordinary than the lie that baptismal water can regenerate the soul. I marvel more and more that I should find myself living in an age of such idiots, and have almost come to think that Carlyle was right when he spoke of our nation as “consisting of twenty million people, mostly fools.” So it seems to be, or else such a dogma as this would have been kicked out of the universe years ago, and banished once and for ever to the limbo of lunacy as an outrage on common sense. Is God the Holy Spirit confined to water, as that the priest’s dropping it on the child’s brow can work regeneration in the child’s soul? Do not believe it; it is a foul falsehood! But hold to this. What can only work regeneration is the water from the side of Christ, and when faith can get that, and trust that, the matter is done. Faith relies on the sacred double flood; then the heart is renewed, the man is changed, the soul is saved by Jesus Christ.

25. Remember, too, that the water and the blood flowed from the same place, and flowed together; and, therefore, if a man would be saved, he must have the two. Tens of thousands would like to escape from hell, but they have no wish to escape from sin. Are there not multitudes who are very anxious let get rid of the punishment, but are not at all concerned to be delivered from the habit of iniquity? Oh, yes! the drunkard would gladly be forgiven, but he would like to keep to his tippling. Yes, the lecherous man would gladly have his constitution restored, and his iniquity blotted out; but he must go to his dens of infamy again. Such is not the religion of Christ. The religion of Christ demands of us that, if we take Christ, we should take him for the double purpose, to pardon for sins past, and to deliver from sins to come. I think it was Celus, {c} the ancient philosopher, who jeered at the great Christian advocates, saying, “Your Master, Christ, receives all the filth of the universe into his Church; he tells you to go around to find thieves, drunkards, prostitutes, and such-like, and to tell them to come to him. Your religion is nothing better than a leper house, into which you thrust lepers.” “Indeed,” he said who argued with him, “you have spoken well. We do receive them as into a leper house, but we heal them, sir, we heal them; and while into the one door the spiritually and morally blind, and halt, and maimed, and lame do come in as they are, the great Physician touches them with his grace, and cleanses them with the water and the blood, and they are not what they were any longer.” Now, am I addressing one man who feels that he is saved by faith, and yet he is sinning as he used to do? Give up that belief, sir, or it will ruin you. Please, do not indulge in it, for it is a delusion of Satan. Do I address one man who has a hope that perhaps he can trust Christ so as to be saved, and yet continue to live in his own wicked way? If anyone has told you that, he has told you falsely. Rest assured that you are mistaken. Christ never came to be the minister of sin. He came to save us: not in our sins, but from our sins. He will forgive us all kinds of iniquities, but not if we love the iniquity, and continue in it. If you hug sin to your bosom, the viper will sting you; and no power, either human or divine, can extract the poison unless the viper itself is taken away. You must have both the water and the blood, and I pray that you may have both.

26. Now, Christians, I am finished when I have asked you one question. Answer it, and answer it truthfully. It is this: — Beloved friends, have you gotten such a hold of Christ as you should have in his double capacity as your Pardoner and your Sanctifier? I know you plead the blood for your remission; I know that is all your hope. I know that the blood of Christ is your comfort and your hope; but do you have the water quite as fully? You have a bad temper, perhaps. Well, it is a pitiable circumstance; but surely, if Christ can forgive a bad temper, he can remove a bad temper, too. Did you ever bring your bad temper to Christ to have it washed away with the water? You should have done so, for he can do it. Perhaps you have an envious spirit, — a murmuring spirit, — naturally so; you are generally depressed and downhearted. Did you ever believe in the power of Christ to kill envy, and to lift you up above murmuring? You should do so. You believe that Christ can forgive this sin. Well, that is through the power of the blood; but do you think that the water is less potent than the blood, — that Christ can forgive what he cannot subdue? Oh, do not think so! Think as well of the Spirit and his sanctifying power as of Christ and his justifying righteousness.

27. “Well,” one says, “I have a besetting sin, which I do not think I shall ever quite overcome.” My dear brother, why not? It strikes me that the Christian ought to get his greatest victories from his weakest points; and if you have a besetting sin, I think you ought to be distinguished by its opposite virtue. I do not know that it was so, but I always have a notion that Moses was by his natural constitution a thoroughly quick-tempered man. I think so from the fact that, when he saw the Egyptian striking the Israelite, he did not stop for a minute, but he killed him at once, and hid him in the sand. That looks to me to be the breaking out of the real Moses. But what did he become by the grace of God? Why, after his spirit was subdued, he became the meekest of men, and often was quiet where you and I would have spoken. Now, why should it not be so with us? It strikes me that the worst-tempered man who becomes a Christian ought to make this a strong point, and to strive to become the best-tempered. There are some Christians who naturally have a little weakness in their hand, and cannot open it well. If they get a little money in it, they are very apt to get their joints tied together very tightly; but, when grace comes in, I think they should try to defeat the devil by being more than ordinarily generous; so that, whereas other Christians might be content to give less, they say to Satan, “Oh my enemy, you have held me in bondage in this way; but wherever else you may get the upper hand of me, you never shall in this; for I will take care that, whenever you tell me not to give a shilling, I will give two, in order to let you see that you are no master of mine, and that I have gotten rid of the foul sin of stinginess!” Let each one of us act on this great truth, that just as Christ has the power to forgive us our sin, so also he has the power to cleanse it away.

28. And, my dear brothers and sisters, let us get closer to Christ. Let us be bedewed more often than we have been before with the water and with the blood. Let us live in the spirit of this double purification, and may it be ours to find this blessed stream leading us right up to the heart of Christ, from which it flowed, so that we may understand the everlasting love which dwells there deep in its eternal fountains, and may rejoice and be glad in it all our days.

{a} Augean: Abominably filthy; i.e. resembling the stable of Augeas, a fabulous king of Elis, which contained 3000 oxen, and had been uncleansed for 30 years, when Hercules, by turning the river Alpheus through it, purified it in a single day. OED.
{b} Escutcheon: Shield containing a coat of arms. OED.
{c} Celus: A 2nd-century Greek philosopher and opponent of Early Christianity See Explorer "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsus"

Exposition By C. H. Spurgeon {Joh 19:23-37}

23. There the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments,

They had already stripped him; no element of shame was lacking in his substitution for us. He stooped as low as our sins could have thrust us, so that he might bring us up from the very depths of degradation and shame.

23, 24. And made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the coat was without seem, woven from the top throughout. They said therefore among themselves, “Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be”: so that the Scripture might he fulfilled, which says, “They parted my clothing among them, and they cast lots for my vesture.” Therefore the soldiers did these things.

Quite unaware of the ancient prophecy, yet in complete accord with divine predestination, these soldiers did exactly according to the eternal purposes of God. It is very amazing how, in practice, the free agency of man tallies exactly with the predestination of God. We need not enquire how it is, but we may admire that it is so. “Therefore the soldiers did these things,” yet the motive which swayed them was not the fulfilment of the divine will, but simply the common-sense thought that it would be a pity to spoil such a garment by tearing it, and partly also by that innate love for gambling which is found everywhere, in every age, so that often men would sooner run the risk of winning all than take the safe one fourth which might fall to their lot. Let us reverently adore the whole scheme of providence by which God’s determinate purpose is carried out in every jot and tittle, while the free agency of man is left unfettered.

25. Now there stood by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene.

These gracious women stood by the cross: we call them the weaker sex; but we must grant that they are the stronger of the two in anything which has to do with pure selfless love. Yield the first place to them.

26. When Jesus therefore saw his mother,

Here was another pang for him: he could not be spared anywhere. He must remember in his death everything that would cause him grief: “When Jesus therefore saw his mother,” —

26, 27. And the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he says to his mother. “Woman, behold your son!” Then he says to the disciple, “Behold your mother!” And from that hour that disciple took her to his own home.

There was no specific direction given to John to take care of Mary; it was quite enough for the Lord to call his attention to her by saying, “Behold your mother.” How I wish we were always in such a state of heart that we did not need specific precepts, a hint would suffice. Dear friends, do not need pressing or driving to holy duty; do not be as young bulls that must be goaded, but rather have within you such a spring of love that it shall be a delight to do anything that may give joy to the heart of the Well Beloved. When you see him on the cross, is there anything you can deny him? Will you not think spontaneously of what you can do to please him?

28. After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, so that the Scripture might be fulfilled, says, “I thirst.”

There was yet a little more to be done; all the great things were accomplished, but he would keep even the least particles of prophecy, so he cried, “I thirst.”

29, 30. Now there was set a vessel full of vinegar: and they filled a sponge with vinegar, and put it on hyssop, and put it to his mouth. When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, —

He did receive that; he had refused the drugged draught which they had first offered to him to dull his pain, but he accepted this, which was simply weak wine, no doubt a little sour, possibly bitter. When he “had received the vinegar,” —

30. He said, “It is finished”: and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost. {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 421, “It Is Finished!” 412} {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 2344, “Christ’s Dying Word for his Church” 2345}

Incarnate love has fulfilled its self-imposed task. Jesus, as the substitute for sinners, was condemned to die, and he died so that he might finish the work of our redemption.

         “It is finished.”

   Hear the dying Saviour cry.

31. The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain on the cross on the Sabbath day, (for that Sabbath day was a high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.

To prevent a ceremonial error, they are willing to commit brutal cruelty; indeed, they had already committed the more brutal cruelty of putting Christ to death. How particular some men are about some merely human rubric, yet they violate the divine precepts of the law with impunity. May God save us from a conscience which will stick at some minute point which is of no consequence, but will allow us to commit great sin! We have heard of a Spanish bandit who confessed to his priest, after having murdered a great many people, not his robberies and his murders, but the fact that a drop of blood had spurted on to his lips on a Friday, and so he had defiled the fast day by taking animal food! Ah me! conscience is a strange thing, yet some call it “the vice-regent of God.” I believe it is no such thing, but that it very soon becomes as depraved as any other power of the human mind: we have need of far more than conscience to keep us right.

32. Then came the soldiers, and broke the legs of the first, and of the other who was crucified with him.

With a huge iron bar smashing the great bones of their legs.

33, 34. But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they did not break his legs: but one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and immediately there came out blood and water.

See how, even after death, his heart poured out its tribute for us. We have not only the love of Christ’s heart blessing us while he lives, but after he died there was the stream of blood and water to cleanse us from sin’s guilt and power.

35-37. And he who saw it bore record, and his record is true: and he knows what he says is true, so that you might believe. For these things were done, so that the Scripture should be fulfilled, “A bone of him shall not be broken.” And again another Scripture says, “They shall look at him whom they pierced.” {See Spurgeon_Sermons No. 1956, “On the Cross After Death” 1957}